Improvement in self-acting hatchway-hoists



dnitrli ftatre GEORGE NI CREAMER, OF TRENTON, NEW JERSEY.

Letters Pat'nt No. 100,265, dated March 1, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN SEEE-ACTING- HATCHhWAY-HOISTS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making partof the same.

To all whom tt may concern.:

Be it known that I, GEORGE N. GREAMER, of Trenton, in the county of Mercer, and State of ,New Jersey, have inventedncertain new and useful ImprovementsirrSelflActing Safety Hatchway-Hoists;

and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to theA accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a plan or top view of the skeleton-frame of a portion of a building to which my improvements are applied;

Figure 2 represents a view of the same, partly in elevatiion and partly in sect-ion, at the line :c z of iig. 1; 'an

Figure 3 represents a vertical transverse section through the same at the line zz of iig. 1.

I have shown my apparatus applied to a twostory building, that being sufieient to illustrate the invention, though it may be applied to any number of floors by mere reduplication of, the pulleys, cords, lockingtumbler, and weights.

For the details of' construction of the hatch I need only refer to my application for Letters Patent of even date herewith, as they form no part of the invention herein claimed. Y

It is the object of the first part of my improvements to arrange themechanisrn for operating the hatchwayholst, so that it may not in any manner obstructthe use of the doors for ordinary purposes.

It is the object of the second part of my invention to combine the hoisting apparatus with the hatch, so that the hatch may be opened-and closed by the same power which works the rope for hoisting, and it is in this sense that I designate my invention as self-acting.

It is the object of the third branch of my invention to provide for operating the hoist and the hatch simultaneously or independently, as may be desired; and

The improvement for this object consists in a device fer throwing the hatch-operating mechanism into or out of gear with the hoisting apparatus.

The hoisting-rope D is wound around and depends through the hatch i'om the windlass E, arranged at the upper part of the building inthe ordinary manner.

On the shaft of the windlass E I secure a pulley,

I upon which I wind the rope for operating the Windlass E, which rope depends on each side of the drum in the usual way, through suitable openings made in the floors near the hatchways.

Toward the other extremity of the shaft of thewind- Alass I affix upon this shaft a pulley', n1.

described.

A smaller drum-wheel, N, havin'gcogs on its entire perimeter, is mounted in suitable bea-rings and so located as to mesh in gear with .the cogs on the perimeter of the wheel O when it is rocked toward the wind-k On the end of the drum-wheel N a pulley, n2, is mounted in line withthe pulley nl on the shaft of the y windlass.

The pulleys n n* being connected bya driving-belt, it will be seen that, as the windlass is turned in either direction, the drum-wheel N is also rotated correspondenti y, and thus the hoist may be made to impart motion to the hatch-operating mechanism, as hereinafter described.

On the back cross-piece of the hatchway I secure two'lugs V V, in which ispivoted a horizontally-slotted casting with a projecting nose. rlhe preponderance of weight in this cast-ing is in front of its pivot, that is, toward the hatohway. A spring is fixed beneath this casting to assist in depressing it when the hatch is closed. In the slot of-this'casting a horizontal pulley, w, is secured. This constitutes the locking tumbler, the operation of which is hereinafter more fully,

(See figs. l and 3,)

Beneath the oor and at a distance from the hatchway equal to the length ofthe hatch I attach to a cross-piece, e, a little apart from each other, two horizontal pulleysl2 ma, and under the floor and near the wall I mount two corresponding but vertical pulleys ll m2, in line respectively withv the pulleys l2 mi.4 Above these pulleys lzfm3 I mount upon the joists and parallel with the joists two pulleys, m1 and p, the pulley p being somewhat higher on the joists than the pulley m1. Next to the pulley m, away from the windlasbs, and in'line with it I mount upon the joistsfand parallel with it a pulley, l, and still further away in the same direction I mount in like .manner a pulley, m, in line with the pulley p.

Under the pulleys l and m above described I place against the wall two upright boxes or frames, reaching a suitable distance from the door, and in .these boxes respectiyelythe weights K' and K are guided up and down. Attaching a cord, P, of suitable length to the cord k', which supports the heavy weight. K'l by one end, I carry the other end of it up over the pulley lnt, along the jost, to and over the pulley p, and fasten the cord to the smooth surface of the drum-wheel O.

The weight K thus keeeps the drum O out of gear with the vWheel N. f A

rIlhe cord k is fastened by one end to the back edge i fm, and between the pulleys p and m the cordvP is as follows:

spliced to it. A third cord, k, is attached by one end to the lighter weight'K, and passes over the pulleys l m, down to and under the pulley 11, across to and around the pulley l, and forward to the back end of the hatch to which it is fastened.

To the rockingfrarne O' of the drum-wheel O a bel1- crank, R, is connected by a link.

A link-rod, r, connects this bell-crank with a similar one 1".

Rods or cords, t, attached to the lower arm of the bellcrank lr pass down through the loors to any point from which it is desired to operate the hatch.

On each door, through which this cord t passes, a' foot-brake or forked treadle, S, is pivoted and provided with a spring which ,keeps it up, but which y.yields readily to pressure, sc that, by simply-placing the foot upon this brake, the cord or rod t will be pulled, and the bell-crank turned ,by the bite o the brake.

The operation of the above-described mechanism is The pulley n on the shaft E Adriving the pulley n, thedrumflwheel O is rotated so as to wind up the cordiP upon it, thus lifting K', the heavier of the two weights, in its box. `.As this weight K' is lifted the oord k is slacked, and its tension being thereby released from the pulley w, this pulley w, aided by the spring, depresses the lockingtumbler on its pivot and unlocks the hatch, the weight K' continuing to be held up by the drnm-wheel0 so long as pressure remains on the foot-lever or treadle S.

The Weight K being thus relieved from the weight K', now descends in its box, and, as it descends, draws the cord k back with it, through, around, and Vover the pulleys l, Z, and l, and thereby pulling the hatch open, the slack of the cord k being taken up as the cord k is drawn taut. So soon as the drumwheel 0 hasI made half a revolution, its cogs being passed passed and its smooth perimeter presented to the cogs on the wheel N, the wheel N continues to turn without turning the wheel O, and this prevents the weight K' from being drawn out of its box and over the pulleys, as would happen but for this provision being made to obviate that result. i

A button is placed so as to slip over the trearile S, and hold it down whenever it is desired to keep the hatch open, without detaining the operator to hold it with his foot.

The load having passed4 through the hatch, the` operator simply removes his foot so as'to release the treadle S, which is instantly thrown up, whereupon the weight K', being heavier than the weight K, descends in its box, unwinding the rope P from the drum O, drawing taut the cord k', around the pulley in the locking-tumbler, thereby drawing the hatch forward again and closing it, (and at the Sametime raising the the weight K, as the cord k is drawn forward with the hatch,) and when the hatch is closed the weight K' produces suicieut tension on the pulley w to raise the locking tumbler and securely lock thehatch.

The weight K" also dra-ws the drum O back on the pivot' o, and thus throws it out of gear with the drum N, so that the rope may be lowered for another load, or, if it be desired to lower anything, th'e operation above described is repeated, the arrangement of the qually to move in and pressing on the treadle, whether anything is beinghoisted or not, and that it may be operated from any part of a building to which the rod and foot-lever is connected.

What I claim herein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of the hatch and the operating mechanism of the hatch with the hoisting apparatus, so as not to obstruct the floors, substantially as and and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of the hatch and the operating 4mechanismof the hatch with the hoist, so that the same power which raises the bulks may at the same time operate the hatch, substantially as described.

3. The combination with the hoist ofthe hatch and the mechanism for operating the hatch, so that the hoist may raise or lower and the hatch open or close simultaneouslyor independently, substantially as de scribed. i

4. The combination with a hoist of a horizontallysliding slotted hatch, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. V

5. The combination with the hoist of the horizontally-sliding slotted hatch and the locking-tumbler, substantially as and for the purpose described.

.\ 6. The combination with the hatch of the weights K K', cords, pulleys, and foot-treadle, whereby the 'hatch is triade to open automatically.

7. The self-opening 'and' self-closing and locking hatch, substantially as described.

8. The combination with the hoistbf the cogged wheel N and partially Vcogged drum O, whereby the action ofthe gearing is rendered intermittent, sub stantially as and for the purpose described.

9. The combination with the hoist of the wheels N and O, the bell-crank and the rods or cords for throwing the mechanism into or out of gear, substantially as described. y

10. The combination with the bell-crank, rods, or cords, cog-wheels N and O, and foot-lever of the button for keeping the mechanism in gear without de taining the operator for that purpose, substantially as described.

11. The combination-with the hatch of the weights' K K', the system of pulleys and cords, the gearing and the bell-crank and treaflle mechanism, when all arranged and operating substantially as herein described.

12. The rocking frame O' for the drum O, as and for the y purpose described.

13. The combination with the hatch'of the reversible gears N and O, in suchmanner that they will operate the hatch whichever way they are rotated, substantially as described.

14. The combination with the hoist of the pulleys n1 n, the cog-wheel N, and the sector cog-wheel 0, mounted on the rocking frame O', substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

15. The combination `of the c'ord P, the weight K and the cogged drum 0 mounted in the rocking frame, substantially as and for the purpose described.

16. The combination with the cord P and weight K' of the cord k and its p ulleys, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed Witnesses:

HmRY BALDWIN, J r., E. Il. MILLER. 

